Imiterere ya Austenitike ya Alloy
Mar 23, 2026
Austenite nuburyo bukomeye bwa kirisiti iboneka mubyuma nibindi byuma - bishingiye ku mavuta, azwiho gukomera no kuba plastike. Austenite ifite isura - yubatswe hagati ya cubic (FCC), hamwe na atome yicyuma iherereye kuri vertike no hagati ya cube, kandi karubone cyangwa ibindi bintu bivangavanze birashobora gukomera - byakemuwe hagati.
Austenite ni microstructure ya alloy. Igomba kuba yujuje ibintu bibiri:
1. Imiterere ya kristu yububiko ni isura - igizwe na cubic (FCC).
2. Amavuta ni igisubizo gikomeye.
Austenite ifite ibiranga plastike nziza, coefficente yo kwagura ubushyuhe buke, hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru -. Ibyuma hafi ya byose bisanzwe bitagira umuyonga hamwe na - ubushyuhe buvanze ni austenitike.
Mubikorwa bifatika, plastike nziza ya austenitis ivanze ibafasha gukora neza mugihe kirekire murwego rwubushyuhe bwagutse, niyo mpamvu ibyuma bikoreshwa cyane mubyuma byose ari ibyuma bya austenitike.
Ikindi kintu cyingenzi kiranga austenitis alloys nuburyo bwiza cyane - imikorere yubushyuhe. Ku bushyuhe bwinshi, isura - igizwe na cubic yubatswe irashobora gukomeza imiterere ihamye, bityo bigatuma imbaraga za austenitike zivangwa nubushyuhe bwinshi. Niyo mpanvu hafi ya zose - ubushyuhe bwamazi ni austenitike.
None se ni iki cyerekana niba umusemburo ufite imiterere ya austenitis?
Noneho, tuzi ko amavuta ya austenitis akeneye kugira isura - yubatswe hagati ya cubic (FCC). Kubwibyo, dukeneye kurushaho gusobanukirwa nibintu byuma bifite imiterere ya FCC.
Icyuma gikunze kugaragara cyane ni icyuma, kandi ibyuma rwose bifite imiterere ya FCC. Kubwamahirwe, icyuma gifite imiterere ya allotropy. Ni ukuvuga, icyuma gishobora gukomeza gusa imiterere ya FCC mubushyuhe bwa dogere 912 kugeza kuri dogere 1394. Ubundi bushyuhe, icyuma gihinduka umubiri - hagati ya cubic (BCC).
Kuri iyi ngingo, dukeneye byihutirwa ikintu cyicyuma gishobora kwemeza imiterere ya FCC mubushyuhe ubwo aribwo bwose. Iyi element ni nikel. Igihe cyose nikel yibigize amavuta ari hejuru ya 9%, imiterere ya FCC irashobora kugumaho. Kubwibyo, kongeramo 9% cyangwa nikel nyinshi kuri fer birashobora gutuma amavuta akomeza imiterere ya austenitis mubushyuhe ubwo aribwo bwose. Niyo mpamvu ibyuma byose bidafite ingese hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru - burimo nikel.
